Basic Radio Etiquette for Radio Communication - What are the rules for talking on the radio?

Basic Radio Etiquette

10-4 Good Buddy

Radio Etiquette 101 - Essential Tips for Radio Communication

Using proper radio etiquette is more than just about being polite. It’s also about making sure your communications are clear, concise, and understood.

Conversations can be heard by anyone monitoring the same frequency and in many cases, you’re not the only person or group using that frequency.

A man reaches for his hand mic - does he know the etiquette and is he prepared to use the radio responsibly?

Starter Tips for Group Communication

Perform a radio check when everyone is in their vehicle.

Establish a lead, mid, and sweep operators for the group.

Push the button, wait a second, speak slowly, calmly, and clearly.

Identify who you are calling and then who you are.

Continue Reading to learn more!

To keep frequency use clean and available to use by as many as possible, there’s some common etiquette guidelines and tips that radio operators have developed and shared over the years.

Tips and Tricks for Talking on the Radio

Clarity

Your voice should be clear. Speak a little slower than normal.

Simplicity

Keep your message simple enough for intended listeners to understand. You can be too concise though; use affirmative or negative in favor of yes or no.

Brevity

Be precise and to the point; avoid unnecessary banter.

Security

Do not transmit confidential information on a radio unless you know the proper security technology is in place. Remember, frequencies are shared; you do not have exclusive use of any frequency.

Conserve Power

With handheld radios, transmission should be used sparingly to preserve power. Most power consumption is done when transmitting.

Monitor First

To find the best available channel, monitor a channel for traffic before use.

Wait a Second

Wait half a second after pressing the mic button on the radio before speaking.

Emergencies

Any emergency transmission takes priority and you can use any frequency to transmit out in an emergency situation. Please refrain from unnecessary conversations during emergency situations.

Profanity

Do not use profanity over the airwaves. It’s not only good manners, it’s FCC law.

Radio Check

Transmit periodically with your friends to ensure your radios are operating properly.

Identify Yourself

Clearly identifying yourself when transmitting is encouraged. It helps those in your race team or riding group know who’s talking. Instead of transmitting: “Hey, I have a flat.”, use identifying language such as “Chase truck, this is Race car. We blew a tire.”

Don’t Interrupt

Unlike cell phones, two-way radios cannot transmit and receive at the same time. Allow an incoming transmission to complete before you begin transmitting out.

Don’t Sit On It

Nothing is more frustrating than someone who’s transmitting on a frequency because they’re accidentally sitting on the hand mic or the PTT button on the handheld radio is being pressed inadvertently. Be a responsible radio operator. Make sure handheld radios are properly stored and hand mics aren’t laying on your seat to avoid accidental transmission.

If It’s Not For You

Do not reply if you aren’t sure the transmission is meant for you. There may be others using that frequency having their own conversation.

How and When to Use Your Radio

Perform a radio check when everyone is in their vehicle.

This is an easy drill that gets everyone using the radio, confirms all are on the correct channel, and allows operators to show some of the basics in radio use.  

Steve: “Steve G, Radio check”
Dustin: “Dustin copies Steve G”
Steve: “Copy Dustin, you sound good”

After this radio check, both users know their radio calls are being heard and they are hearing incoming calls. The rest of the group should repeat the process until all are checked. If there are any issues, this is a good time to call them out and address them.

Establish a lead, mid, and sweep operators for the group.

The lead operator leads the way and calls out turns, obstacles and directions. The mid operator repeats and relays the lead operator's call, and the sweep operator brings up the rear. These folks should be calm and reliable and preferably have their vehicles equipped with mobile radios for maximum range throughout the group.

Push the button, wait a second, speak slowly, calmly, and clearly.

This one can’t be overstated.  Far too often, radio users get so excited about what they start talking about before their hand reaches the Push-To-Talk, so the group misses the first part of the call. Slow down, be calm, and clearly speak your message directly into the microphone. Don’t be ‘that guy’ in the group.

Identify who you are calling and then who you are.

Steve: “Dustin, Steve”
Dustin: “Go ahead for Dustin”
Steve: “I’m ready for a bathroom break when you are!”

If Steve is calling the group, make the call and start giving instructions immediately.

Steve: “Group, we’re turning left at the fork by the giant rock.”

Learn to use "Repeat Calls".

The lead in a group typically knows where he’s going [hopefully!] and should be calling out turns. We like to have at least one person mid-group repeating calls. The sweep in the group should be repeating these calls and letting the group know when all vehicles are through a turn or obstacle.

Lead: “Group, turning right immediately after the ditch”
Mid: “Copy right immediately after the ditch”
Sweep: “Copy right immediately after the ditch”

…and once the group is through, Sweep calls out, “Sweep through right after ditch.”

This gives everyone in the group three opportunities to hear a call and get clarification, just in case they were distracted, blasting music, etc.

Before departure, have the lead give an example of what calls should sound like on the radio.

Practice "Stop Turns"

Stop Turns is a convoy classic that just works. In addition to using the radio to alert the group to a turn, we highly recommend using Stop Turns as well.

When you get to a turn, stop and wait until you see the vehicle behind you. Confirm that vehicle sees the turn and the direction you traveled. Each member of the group should continue doing this until all vehicles are through the turn. YOU are responsible for the vehicle behind you staying on course and making each turn!

Two-way radios allow Stop Turns to take place more quickly since confirmations can be made verbally and without hand signals.

Use the NATO Phonetic Alphabet

Developed to make communications clearer in military communications, using a formatted alphabet allows users to clearly spell critical information by using words to represent letters. This assured information and coordinates were clearly understood. Using this alphabet can help provide clarity in noisy transmissions.

(A) Alpha
(J) Juliett
(S) Sierra
(B) Bravo
(K) Kilo
(T) Tango
(C) Charlie
(L) Lima
(U) Uniform
(D) Delta
(M) Mike
(V) Victor
(E) Echo
(N) November
(W) Whiskey
(F) Foxtrot
(O) Oscar
(X) X-Ray
(G) Golf
(P) Papa
(Y) Yankee
(H) Hotel
(Q) Quebec
(Z) Zulu
(I) India
(R) Romeo

Have Fun!

Following these basic tips and guidelines will help ensure transmissions are clear, understood, and keeping chatter to a minimum to maintain open frequencies for all.

The hardest part of this is actually doing it. Your delivery doesn’t need to be perfect or rehearsed. The simple fact that you’re talking about it ahead of time will show your group how important it is and prompt them to listen and use the radios as intended. Remember, if you want to go fast, go alone, if you want to go far, go together.

1 comment

Doug Dunshee
Doug Dunshee

I notice many off road racers and Ultra 4 use frequencies around 151.—. I am curious and honestly don’t know much about the radio world. I used to use a CB, but they seem to be almost nonexistent in the recreational four wheeling world, whether for fun or racing. Is it necessary to get a HAM license to operate these new radios? Are these FM or VHF? Just trying to learn, thanks.

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